OlmoEarth, Ai2's fully open Earth-observation model, now describes every 10-meter pixel of most of the world's land as an embedding.
A satellite photo of the Peruvian Amazon, 18 km across. You can see forests, rivers, and the scars of gold mining.
Satellites pass over it all year: color, infrared, and radar that sees through clouds. Month by month, that adds up to a stack of rich data about our planet.
OlmoEarth condenses that whole year as an embedding for every 10-meter pixel in satellite imagery, about 1.3 trillion for the entire planet. Each one is a list of numbers that summarizes how its pixel looks and changes.
Under the encoder, this pixel's embedding: a row of its real numbers, such as minus 0.12 and plus 0.12, fading into the rest of its 128, then the same numbers as a barcode, a stripe for each, violet below zero and red-orange above, brighter the further from zero.
Three examples: a wheat field and a maize field in Kansas, and Lower Manhattan. To the eye, the two fields look alike, and Manhattan looks nothing like them.
Three satellite photos: a green wheat field, a green maize field, and the dense grey blocks of Lower Manhattan.
Each photo's embedding as a barcode, a stripe for each number. One on its own doesn't say much. Comparing them highlights the landscape they describe.
With each photo, its embedding as a barcode of 128 stripes, each colored by its number: violet below zero, red-orange above. A small box on each photo marks the area its embedding sums up.
Line one embedding up with another, stripe by stripe, and amber marks where they differ. Wheat's and maize's are close, but not the same. Wheat's and Manhattan's are significantly different.
Two rows, each two barcodes merged: the top half of every stripe is wheat's number, the bottom half the other place's. Wheat and maize: many stripes run on nearly whole and many break, fewer than with Manhattan, with low amber under them where they differ; 30% different. Wheat and Manhattan: most stripes break, with taller amber almost everywhere; 72% different.
The forest in our Peru photo and one in the Congo, 10,000 km apart, show less difference than two Kansas fields 3 km apart. Places that are alike get embeddings that are close, wherever they are.
Two rows of merged barcodes. Wheat's and maize's, from fields 3 km apart: some broken stripes and some amber; 30% different. The forest around our Peru pixel (2024) and a forest in the Congo (2025), 10,000 km apart: their stripes match more closely, with less amber; 20% different.
Back to the forest photo. The pixels whose embeddings are close to this one's light up, helping you immediately identify similar landscapes.
On the photo, the pixels whose embeddings are closest to this one light up: the forest, not the river or the mining.
OlmoEarth has precomputed embeddings like this for the entire planet, for multiple years. We've released the model, the dataset, and tools to explore this new capability.
At each spot, see what the embeddings reveal about the landscape, learn what happened there, and explore ways that embeddings could help you.
On 19 September 2021, the Cumbre Vieja volcano began to erupt. It ran for 85 days, the longest eruption on record on La Palma. Lava crossed homes, roads and farms and built new land where it poured into the sea.
Drag the line and find the new land: a sharp-edged lava field running to the coast.
Real embeddings · 2025photo: Sentinel-2, 28 Jul 2025About half of mainland Tanzania's mangroves grow here, and for decades, rice fields have replaced them. An upstream dam, which has been generating power since 2024, now changes the water reaching the delta; what that does to the mangroves remains an open question.
Keep scrolling: one label at a time (mangrove, water, other land), then the map they make.Labels on the photo: 0 of 6
In the first week of August 2022, about 400 to 600 hectares of this protected forest were bulldozed. Within days, after a public outcry, the government canceled the development and ordered the land replanted; two weeks later, a royal decree protected 2,025 hectares.
Drag the line: protected forest in 2021; by 2023, one big, sharp-edged clearing.
The Kinabatangan runs through one of Borneo's last lowland forests, home to elephants and orangutans. Oil palm plantations now line both banks. Elephants raid young palms, and people push back. Knowing where animals can still move between plantations is how conservation planners keep the peace.
Slide left or right to adjust the matching threshold: the locations that match will light up.
For a century, four dams held the Klamath in warm, still reservoirs that bred toxic algae and blocked salmon from 400 miles of river. After decades of campaigning led by the Karuk, Yurok, Hoopa Valley and Klamath tribes, the last dam came down in 2024. About 21,000 Chinook salmon swam past the old dam sites in the first two seasons.
Drag the line: the brightest change is two old lake beds and the river between them.
Explore the entire planet on the OlmoEarth Embeddings Explorer, free, no sign-in. Go see it for yourself.